Engineering IoT-Based Open MAS for Large-Scale V2G/G2V

In this paper, we aimed to demonstrate how engineer Internet of Things (IoT)-based open multiagent systems (MASs). Specifically, put forward an IoT/MAS architectural framework, along with a case study within the important and challenging-to-engineer vehicle-to-grid (V2G) grid-to-vehicle (G2V) energy transfer problem domain. The proposed solution addresses non-functional requirement scalability. To end, employed architecture, arranging agents as modular microservices that were interconnected via multi-protocol platform. Our approach allows view, offer, interconnect, re-use their various strategies, mechanisms, or other algorithms smart grid services, thus enabling seamless integration into our MAS challenging V2G/G2V problem. At same time, IoT-based implementation offers both direct applicability in real-world settings advanced analytics capabilities digital twin models for ecosystems. We have described MAS/IoT-based architecture detail; validated its simulation experiments involving large numbers heterogeneous agents, operating interacting towards effective V2G/G2V; studied performance electric vehicle charging scheduling V2G/G2V-incentivising electricity pricing algorithms. solution, used ASEME, state-of-the-art methodology using Things. can be prototypes deliver large-scale well testing schemes mode.